Kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, maintaining electrolyte balance, and regulating blood pressure. However, several conditions can impair their function, leading to kidney diseases. Understanding these common kidney diseases is crucial for early detection and effective management. Regular medical check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and prompt medical attention for symptoms are essential for maintaining kidney health.
On the occasion of World Kidney Day 2024, let's know the common kidney diseases.
What Are the Common Kidney Diseases?
According to Dr. Vishal Sehgal, President, Portea Medical, below is the list of common kidney disorders.
1. Glomerulonephritis
This is a condition where damage to the glomeruli, the kidney's tiny filters, results in impaired blood filtration. If left untreated, it can progress to kidney failure over time.
2. Chronic Kidney Disease
This progressive condition is characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time. Common causes include diabetes, hypertension, and certain genetic disorders. Treatment focuses on controlling underlying conditions, lifestyle changes, and sometimes dialysis or kidney transplantation in severe cases.
3. Acute renal failure
This is a sudden and rapid loss of kidney function. It can be caused by various factors such as dehydration, severe infection, medication toxicity, or sudden loss of blood flow to the kidneys.
4. Pyelonephritis
Commonly known as a kidney infection, this is a bacterial infection that affects the kidneys. It typically arises from a urinary tract infection (UTI) that ascends to the kidneys.
5. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
This is an inherited genetic disorder that causes cysts to form on the kidneys and other organs. While it is incurable, treatments are available to manage symptoms and slow the growth of cysts.
6. Kidney Stones (Renal Stones)
Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals or salts formed inside the kidneys or urinary tract. Symptoms may include pain, blood in urine, and difficulty passing urine, among others.
7. Kidney Cancer
This occurs when kidney cells grow uncontrollably. Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type, but other variants exist. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing kidney cancer effectively.
Various kidney diseases can impair their function, highlighting the importance of understanding these conditions for early detection and management. Regular medical check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and prompt attention to symptoms are key to maintaining kidney health. By raising awareness and promoting proactive measures, we can strive to prevent and manage kidney diseases, ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals affected by these conditions.
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