Sigmund Freud is probably one of the most popular as well as controversial psychologists known in the world. Although a neurologist initially, his studies, observations, and writings have contributed immensely to our understanding of human behaviour, unconsciousness and psychology.
Psychoanalytical therapy, a form of therapy widely used to cure deep rooted emotional trauma and depression amongst many things is based on Freud’s work and theory of psychoanalysis.
Freud believed that we repress many embarrassing or socially unacceptable thoughts and feelings into our unconsciousness but they often can lead to psychological disturbances.
Since this therapy believes that mental illness, conflict or trauma is largely brought about childhood or early years events which we have repressed into our unconscious, it’s primary goal is usually to help clients identify hidden thoughts and desires which may be causing day to day conflict.
Psychoanalytic therapists use very specific techniques in order to help the client release repressed emotions. They encourage the client to talk freely and at length about their life and experiences – which is why it’s often known as talk therapy as well – and they use the information given to them to identify patterns of behaviour or thoughts which may play a role in the client’s current problem.
Although a variety of analytic techniques are used during this therapy, dream analysis and free association are two important and popular ones.
So during the course of this therapy, dreams are interpreted and analyzed to understand hidden meanings and thoughts. In free association, the client is encouraged to talk about anything which comes to their mind.
The therapist may sometimes encourage the client to keep talking by prompting in some random words (school, mother etc) and the client has to respond with the first word which comes to mind. It is hoped that repressed memories emerge during free association.
As with any approach to mental health, this therapy also has its pro’s and its con’s.
(Prachi Jain is a psychologist, trainer, optimist, reader and lover of Red Velvets.)
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