"KP Sharma Oli didn't order the security forces to fire at protesters during the Gen Z uprising last year. He should be released immediately," Birendra Madi, a member of Oli's Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist), who took to the streets of Kathmandu in protest on Monday, 30 March, told The Quint.
Apart from the capital city, fresh protests broke out in several districts of Nepal to oppose the arrest of the former PM on 28 March, a day after Balen Shah was sworn in as the country's new top leader.
The arrest followed the findings of a probe commission formed by the interim government under Sushila Karki.
Led by former Supreme Court judge Gauri Bahadur Karki, the commission’s report found both Oli and former Home Minister Ramesh Lekhak guilty of a brutal crackdown in September last year against the Gen Z protests, during which over 70 people were killed under Oli's prime ministership.
Monday marked the third consecutive day of protests against Oli's arrest, with several cadres and supporters of his party organising huge demonstrations.
Approximately 300 demonstrators marched from Kathmandu’s Maitighar to the New Baneshwar area, chanting slogans such as ‘Dismiss Karki Commission Report’, ‘Release KP Oli’, and ‘Resign Home Minister Sudan Gurung’.
'Vindictive Move By Balen Shah Government'
Madi, a local UML leader in his 20s, claimed that the crackdown on the Gen Z demonstrations was not Oli's fault. "Security forces only opened fire in self-defense after demonstrators attacked the Federal Parliament building," he alleged.
After protesters set fire to the Parliament building on 8 September last year, the police were accused of brute force after they fired live ammunitions. According to local reports, at least 17-19 people died in the incident.
UML cadre Thaneshwar Basyal, who is in his 50s, described Oli's arrest as an "assault" on democratic values.
“The new government under Balen Shah is consistently attacking democracy, and the UML stands ready to protect it. We have been forced onto the streets to show the people that this is not the rule of law.”
Bimala BK, another local UML leader in her 40s who was at the forefront of the march, told The Quint that the party "entirely" rejects the findings of the report led by former judge Karki. “The overnight arrest of Oli is a vindictive move by the government. Our protests will continue until our chairperson is released."
Ganesh Pandey, another participant, warned that if Oli is not freed immediately, the movement will expand beyond the streets. “We will take our protest to the Parliament and the courts,” Pandey asserted, adding, “The schedule for the next phase of our protest will be released soon.”
Over the last three days of the protests, the Nepal Police has made several arrests. Abhi Narayan Kafle, primary spokesperson of the Nepal Police Headquarters in Kathmandu, told The Quint:
"On 29 March, the second day of protests, a few individuals were taken into custody but were subsequently released later that evening. On the first day of the demonstrations, seven protesters had been detained. While six of those individuals were released shortly after, one remains in custody. Upon processing, we discovered that this last detainee was absconding in relation to an unrelated banking crime case and will now face further investigation."
Oli Remanded While Investigations Continue
The probe commission’s report had concluded that the deaths of more than 70 people during the Gen Z protests were a "direct result of negligence" by Oli and Lekhak. According to the findings, the commission recommended that the Criminal Code should be applied to both the leaders.
Under sections of the Criminal Code, which stipulate "negligent killing shall not be permitted", the charges against Oli carry a potential penalty of up to three years in prison and a fine of up to 30,000 Nepali rupees.
"Both individuals were presented before the Kathmandu District Court on 29 March. The court granted authorities permission to keep both in detention for an additional five days to facilitate the ongoing probe," police spokesperson Kafle said while speaking to The Quint.
In its ruling, the court had stated that the police's request appeared cogent. Consequently, it ordered the detainees to remain in police custody under Section 14(6) of the Criminal Procedure (Code) Act, 2074 BS.
Due to his deteriorating health, Oli appeared before the court virtually from Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, where he was admitted on Saturday, 28 March after complaining of heart palpitations. Lekhak appeared in person.
Given Oli’s condition, the authorities have been directed by the court to ensure he receives all necessary medical care during his detention.
According to the hospital’s official statement, “KP Sharma Oli is a post-renal transplant patient currently being treated for hydronephrosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism, and atrial fibrillation with APC. He also has a diagnosis of cholelithiasis."
The statement added that he's under observation, and is being managed by a medical team.
Regarding the duration of custody, the police clarified that in murder investigations, a suspect can be detained for up to 25 days with court authorisation. While the court currently granted a five-day extension, the total period may be extended to 25 days depending on the evidence uncovered as the investigation progresses.
UML & RSP Trade Barbs Over Oli's Arrest
In the wake of Oli's arrest, several leaders of his party and Balen Shah's Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP) traded barbs. UML General Secretary Shankar Pokharel, while speaking to The Quint, said the politics of "prejudice and revenge will turn out to be costly for the government". Similarly, another party leader Mahesh Bartaula said the RSP's actions are "malicious" and "extremely objectionable".
"As soon as the RSP formed the government, it embarked on a path of brutal revenge, openly displaying the arrogance of its two-thirds majority. This has exposed a terrible conspiracy by the government to push the country toward eternal instability, confrontation, and conflict. It is necessary for all patriotic and democratic forces to strongly oppose them.”Mahesh Bartaula
During the protests against Oli’s arrest, Sajida Siddiqui, a UML Central Committee member and provincial MP, was among those injured. She alleged that the police significantly outnumbered the protesters—and suppressed the peaceful demonstration by charging them with batons.
Hitting back against Oli's party, Rachana Khatiwada—a federal lawmaker from the RSP and mother of a deceased Gen Z protester—said Oli's arrest exemplified justice for her son and others who were killed in the September 2025 unrest.
"This is just the beginning of justice,” she told The Quint.
"I salute the Balen Shah government. Within just 24 hours of its formation, it feels like justice has been finally served.”
Pukar Bam, a lawmaker and Central Committee member of the RSP, told The Quint that the Balen Shah government must work at "full pace to recover the 35 years of losses due to the ineffective and unstable governance of previous administrations".
”The foundation of this government is the Gen Z movement,” Bam said, adding, “We have begun the work mandated by the people through the ballot.”
On the other hand, a lawyer The Quint spoke to said that the government's decision to arrest Oli was "hasty"—and that the law must be allowed to take its course.
"Even if legal action is pursued, a specific due process must be followed. I don’t think the situation warranted an immediate arrest," said Jagadish Dahal, senior lawyer and member of the Nepal Supreme Court Bar.
Dahal argued that rather than taking Oli into custody immediately, an investigation team should have been formed to move the case forward systematically.
“There are protocols regarding the chain of custody and the filing of incident reports. Then, there are the individuals who witness or recount the incident, whose statements must be recorded. Only after these steps, is an arrest considered. There was no risk that a former chief executive who had led the government would flee immediately. In my view, the proper legal process simply hasn’t been reached yet.”Jagadish Dahal