Armed with just water bottles and sticks, a group of poor tribal women in Muturkham village of Purbi Singhbhum district of Jharkhand trekked miles to the Sal forest that surrounded their habitat. Their mission – to save the forest from being plundered and denuded by the "forest mafia".
Accompanied by just a dog for their safety, these determined women made frequent forays into the deep forest – with which they shared a symbiotic relationship – and have been able to successfully conserve 50 hectares of forest land over the years, and its flora and fauna deep in the heart of a territory that has also been a battle zone between government forces and left-wing extremists.
It was in 1998, after her marriage, that Jamuna took up this challenge of preserving the forest by making villagers develop a stake in it.
Today, her Van Suraksha Samiti (Forest Protection Group) has about 60 active women members who patrol the jungle in shifts thrice a day: morning, noon and evening, and sometimes even at night, as the mafia set fire to the forests in random acts of vandalism and vengeance.
Jamuna's fight has not gone unnoticed. The President of India has honoured her conservation efforts.
In her quest, she had to battle against the mafia that was chopping down trees for their precious sal timber with complete disregard for the law or the tribal tradition that prohibits cutting of the trees.
Realising that she would get little help from authorities, who may well have been hand-in-glove with the mafia, she took matters in her own hands.
But Jamuna, who has studied up to Class X, foresaw a bleak green-less future for herself and her community with no trees and forests to sustain or protect them.
Jamuna's clear understanding of the issue soon trickled down to the other women and even men in her village.
Pointing out how the mafia was exploiting the wood from Muturkham to fund their alcohol needs, she said she was bewildered by the passive response of the community at their habitat being slowly destroyed.
Gradually, she mobilised a group of 25 women from the village and armed them with bows and arrows, bamboo sticks and spears, they marched into the forest to take on the forest predators.
With time, many men also became part of the campaign against deforestation, but most of the effort has continued to be from women, said Jamuna.
There are many daunting challenges that came their way, but their single-minded dedication towards their cause kept them going.
The group convinced the railway authorities to bar the plundered wood from being exported.
"Some time in 2008-09, we were brutally attacked by the mafia," she said.
For obvious reasons, Jamuna, the woman whose initiatives were hampering their business, was their main target. She and her husband suffered most in the assault.
But she did not give up. Over 15 years of many fierce encounters with the mafia and relentless sensitisation of the community, Jamuna and the Van Suraksha Samiti that she formed, have succeeded in protecting and conserving the 50 hectares of forest land not just surrounding her village, but around many others as well.
Tribal communities cannot survive without wood. They need it for various things – mostly to cook food. But they ensure that their requirements remain within sustainable limits.
The Forest Department has "adopted" her village, which has led to Muturkham getting a water connection and a school.
Today, she runs awareness campaigns through various forest committees in Kolhan Division. Around 150 committees formed by Jamuna, comprising more than 6,000 members, have joined her movement to save the forests.
She wants to do a lot more. "I wish to do a lot... to make a lot more difference, but I am bound by limited resources. I can't in many ways afford to go beyond the villages in my state," she says.
(With inputs from IANS)
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